{"id":219,"date":"2022-09-06T18:09:04","date_gmt":"2022-09-06T18:09:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/?p=219"},"modified":"2022-09-06T18:09:04","modified_gmt":"2022-09-06T18:09:04","slug":"the-thumper-history-of-the-m79-40mm-grenade-launcher","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/?p=219","title":{"rendered":"The Thumper: History of the M79 40mm Grenade Launcher"},"content":{"rendered":"


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By Will Dabbs, MD<\/a><\/p>\n

L<\/span>amar Bradford had a curious gift. He was raised on the streets in Baltimore. Lamar played a little high school baseball, but gave that up when he dropped out of the 11th<\/sup>\u00a0grade. On his 18th<\/sup>\u00a0birthday, Lamar\u2019s wealthy Uncle Sam sent him a very official letter.<\/p>\n

\n<\/picture>
Service members from several different partner nations shoot the M79 grenade launchers during Exercise Tradewinds in Jamaica. Photo: Cpl. Justin T. Updegraff,\u00a0U.S.M.C.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There was absolutely nothing special about being a young draftee in 1968. Six months after he got his draft notice, Lamar touched down in Pleiku. He knew exactly nobody in the entire godforsaken country of Vietnam. The vagaries of fate and the inscrutable machinations of the Army admin system landed him in the 4th<\/sup>\u00a0Infantry Division.<\/p>\n

\"M-79\n<\/picture>
A member of the 354th Security Police Squadron, armed with M-79 grenade launcher, participates in Exercise THUNDERHOG V in 1983. Photo: MSGT Frank Garzelnick,\u00a0U.S.A.F.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

PVT Lamar Bradford was folded into a rifle squad in 1st<\/sup>\u00a0Platoon, Alpha Company, 2d Brigade, 1st<\/sup>\u00a0of the 12th<\/sup>\u00a0Infantry, as a green replacement. His battalion went by the curious moniker the \u201cRed Warriors.\u201d The previous M79 grenadier had lost a foot to a punji pit doped with human excrement. When the First Sergeant welcomed Lamar to the company, he had tossed him a well-used M79 40mm grenade launcher and a Colt M1911A1 pistol. PVT Bradford had fired a grand total of six practice rounds through the Bloop Tube during AIT and he knew how to strip the .45, but that was about it.<\/p>\n

\"M79\"\n<\/picture>
The M79 grenade launcher was standard issue at the infantry squad level during the Vietnam war. Image:\u00a0NARA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Top Sergeant expected PVT Bradford would need a little refresher training on the Blooper, so he took him to the edge of the firebase with a crate of grenades. He pointed out a scraggly tree about 200 meters away and directed PVT Bradford to blow it up. That was the first time he had manifested the gift.<\/p>\n

\"5th\n<\/picture>
In March 1967, SSG Alvin J. Rouly, 5th U.S. Special Forces, taught a Vietnamese trainee how to use an\u00a0M79\u00a0grenade launcher. About one month later, SSG Rouley would earn the Silver Star for gallantry in combat. Photo:\u00a0NARA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Three months later, now-PFC Bradford moved quietly through the tall grass alongside LT Dunlap. A lot of the officers Bradford had met in Vietnam were crap. Dunlap was not. He would die for his troops. His men knew this, and they loved him for it.<\/p>\n

\"Vietnam\n<\/picture>
The M79 gained recognition as the \u201cVietnam grenade launcher\u201d recognized by many people who\u2019ve never spent time in military\u00a0service.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The NVA sprang their ambush from high ground. LT Dunlap\u2019s platoon was trapped in a scrubby defile at the base of a rock-covered hillside. The two pig gunners reflexively opened up with their M60\u2019s. Everyone else dropped to the ground and began throwing rounds back, most of them at their max cyclic rate. Amidst the cacophony and chaos, American troops began to fall. LT Dunlap pulled PFC Bradford down beside him and shouted above the din.<\/p>\n

\"M-79\n<\/picture>
The M79 saw widespread service in Vietnam as did the Chicom Type 56 AK-47, the M1911A1 pistol, and the XM-177E2 carbine.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cBrad, I\u2019m working the company mortars, but that\u2019s gonna take a minute. The ambush position is about 250 meters up this hill to the right. All the enemy fire seems to be coming from that one spot, so it seems unsupported. See what you can do about that.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Queens\n<\/picture>
Soldiers of the Royal Thai Army Volunteer Regiment (Queen\u2019s Cobras) conduct a search and sweep mission in Phuoc\u00a0Tho.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Without another word, Dunlap found a shallow spot and got back on the radio. Bradford slithered sideways until he could peer through the tall elephant grass. Satisfied that he had the lay of the land, he carefully raised his M79. He had not used his sights in two months.<\/p>\n

\"thumper\n<\/picture>
The Thumper grenade launcher proved to be a valuable weapon in Vietnam and other battlefields throughout the Cold War and\u00a0beyond.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The first round coughed out with a dull thunk. Before it impacted, Bradford had another on the way. The two M433 HEDP (High Explosive, Dual-Purpose) grenades exploded in rapid succession, both in essentially the same spot. The incoming fire from the enemy fighting position stopped immediately, and LT Dunlap canceled his emergency fire mission.<\/p>\n

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LT Dunlap dispatched a squad to clear the NVA ambush site. His men returned with a pair of AK-47 rifles, an NVA helmet peppered with shrapnel, and a tattered NVA flag. They gave the flag to PFC Bradford. Back home, Lamar Bradford was just another street kid. In this curiously deadly place, however, PFC Lamar Bradford was a rock star.<\/p>\n

The Tool<\/h2>\n

The odd single-shot grenade launcher that PFC Bradford carried began life as part of Project Niblick in the 1950\u2019s. Niblick itself spawned from Project SALVO. Both undertakings strived to produce revolutionary advances in infantry weapons in the years immediately following World War II. While most of the Buck Rogers gear that came out of Niblick and SALVO went the way of the dodo, the S-3 grenade launcher advanced to the next stage of development.<\/p>\n

\"M79\n<\/picture>
The uber-simple M79 grenade launcher was introduced in 1960 and remains in active service around the globe even\u00a0today.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The S-3 was a shockingly simple weapon. A single-shot, break-open design akin to your grandfather\u2019s antique single-barrel 12-gauge, the S-3 eventually evolved into the S-5. The S-5 got a new sight system and was subsequently type classified as the M79 in December of 1960.<\/p>\n

\"M-79\"\n<\/picture>
Despite being more than sixty years old, the M-79 design remains more accurate than its\u00a0competition.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The first M79\u2019s were issued to U.S. Army troops in 1961 and were quite well-received. The M79 came to be known as the Thumper, the Bloop Tube, the Blooper or Big Ed. Australian operators referred to the weapon as the Wombat Gun. To troops accustomed to the inaccuracy and punishing recoil of rifle grenades, the short range of the hand-thrown sort, and the cumbersome nature of organic mortars, the flexibility, responsiveness, and accuracy of the M-79 made it a game changer. The M79 served as the platoon leader\u2019s artillery.<\/p>\n

\"break\n<\/picture>
The Cold War grenade launcher is simple to load. To break open the single-shot M79, you push this pivoting lever to the\u00a0right.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The M79 only has five major components: the receiver and barrel groups, the fore-end assembly, the folding ladder sight, and the buttstock. To operate the weapon the grenadier pushes the swivel latch to the right. Gravity will open the action. The internal hammer cocks automatically when the barrel is opened. Drop a round in place, close the breech, slide the safety off, point the gun at something you dislike, and squeeze. Easy peazy.<\/p>\n

\"break\n<\/picture>
The M79 is a break-action grenade launcher with incredible versatility that allows for a wide array of\u00a0ammunition.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The recoil is difficult to quantify. It is more of a shove than a kick. The payloads are invariably weighty, so Physics dictates that the launcher has a little spunk. However, it\u2019s weird. The experience isn\u2019t much like a big-bore rifle or shotgun.<\/p>\n

\"thumper\n<\/picture>
The M79, also known as the Thumper Gun or Bloop Tube, was familiar to anyone serving during the Vietnam\u00a0War.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There are two different sighting systems on the M79. The folding ladder sight is graduated from 75 to 375 meters in 25-meter increments and is quite accurate in experienced hands. When folded, this assembly also includes a basic point and shoot V-sight for quick engagements out to 100 meters. An experienced grenadier can also set the buttstock on the ground and use the sling to estimate elevation. The weapon\u2019s max effective range is listed as 400 meters. The trigger guard folds to the side to accommodate gloves if needed.<\/p>\n

\"M79\n<\/picture>
The M433 HEDP (High Explosive Dual-Purpose) 40x46mm grenade is the most common grenade launcher round in use\u00a0today.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The M79 is a very simple weapon that fires a wide array of complex ammunition. We lack the space to explore the details today, but perhaps we can do so at a later date. 40mm High Explosive rounds typically travel at around 245 feet per second with a right-hand rotational velocity of 37,000 rpm. This rotation stabilizes the grenade in flight and also provides the centrifugal force needed to activate the spin arming system. Current-issue rounds do not arm themselves until they have traveled about 30 meters beyond the tube. Early Vietnam-era 40mm grenades armed at between 14 and 27 meters.<\/p>\n

M79 Specifications<\/h2>\n

Here are the specs on the M79 grenade launcher:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Caliber<\/strong><\/td>\n40x46mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Barrel Length<\/strong><\/td>\n14.5\u2033<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Overall Length<\/strong><\/td>\n28.8\u2033<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Weight<\/strong><\/td>\n6 lbs (unloaded)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Action<\/strong><\/td>\nBreak action, single shot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Ruminations<\/h2>\n

Though certainly antiquated in the Information Age, the M79 is innately more accurate than either the M203 or M230 under-barrel grenade launchers. As a result, this old warhorse remains in widespread use around the world. During the recent operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, Explosive Ordnance Disposal units were still using the M79 to detonate IEDs remotely.<\/p>\n

\"M79\n<\/picture>
The M79 was later largely supplanted by the under-barrel M203 grenade\u00a0launcher.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There is anecdotal evidence that DevGru SEALs used cut-down versions of the M79 at least as recently as Operation Neptune Spear, the mission to kill or capture Osama bin Laden. These customized M79\u2019s had their tubes trimmed back and their buttstocks formed into stubby pistol grips. While not nearly as effective as the full-sized guns, these compact little launchers nonetheless tossed their antipersonnel rounds much farther and with greater accuracy than might be accomplished with conventional hand grenades. The SEALs purportedly refer to these unique M79\u2019s as their \u201cPirate Guns.\u201d<\/p>\n

The M79 is that rare example of a classic military weapon that just won\u2019t die. Alongside the Ma Deuce .50-caliber machine gun, the M79 fills a tactical niche that hasn\u2019t been bettered even today. The M79 exemplifies the adage that often the simplest solution is indeed the best solution.<\/p>\n

Editor\u2019s Note: Be sure to check out\u00a0<\/em>The Armory Life\u00a0Forum, where you can comment about our daily articles, as well as just talk guns and gear. Click the \u201cGo To Forum Thread\u201d link below to jump in!<\/em><\/p>\n

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By Will Dabbs, MD Lamar Bradford had a curious gift. He was raised on the streets in Baltimore. Lamar played a little high school baseball, but gave that up when he dropped out of the 11th\u00a0grade. On his 18th\u00a0birthday, Lamar\u2019s wealthy Uncle Sam sent him a very official letter. Service members from several different partner […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gunowner-news.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}